V2X with Cellular and Wi-Fi Networks: Wireless Networks Optimization for Future Intelligent Transportation Systems

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication technology is a cornerstone for future intelligent transportation systems and autonomous vehicles. Scenarios such as vehicle platooning, where vehicles move a short distance apart, require fast and reliable data delivery. This can be achieved using 5G V2X and DSRC (IEEE 802.11p/bd) technologies, which allow vehicles to communicate both via a base station and directly with each other.

The Wireless Networks Laboratory team actively develops mathematical models and algorithms for devices using 5G V2X technology, particularly for the direct transmission case, which is critical for delivering emergency messages on the road. These developments enable the selection of transmission parameters in real time to maximize the network capacity while meeting strict latency and reliability requirements.

In particular, a mathematical model has been developed that allows for quick evaluation of the 5G V2X network performance and selection of transmission parameters optimal in terms of network capacity. Enhancements for the channel access mechanism have also been proposed, which can increase network capacity by up to 40%. A detailed study on the efficiency of using the feedback channel has been conducted, and recommendations for its use have been provided. Furthermore, an adaptive algorithm for selecting the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) for a vehicle platoon has been developed. This algorithm provides network capacity close to the upper bound achievable with static selection — in some scenarios, the network capacity gain reaches 180% compared to existing algorithms.

The WNL team has also studied the channel bonding feature included in the IEEE 802.11bd standard. Channel bonding allows a device to use several channels simultaneously to increase data rate. We have evaluated different channel bonding options presented in the standard and provided recommendations for the channel bonding parameter selection. Apart from that, we have investigated the impact of channel access parameters on the channel bonding performance and proposed an algorithm for adaptive channel access optimization.

All solutions developed by the Laboratory team have been validated under realistic conditions using simulation in the ns-3 environment. The obtained results can be used to design more efficient and robust communication systems for future transportation systems.